Czech UNESCO sights

At the end of the 17th century, during the rule of the Eggenberg dynasty, a Baroque theater was built and the chateau garden remodeled. During the rule of the Schwarzenbergs, Krumlov received a decorative Baroque makeover. However, Český Krumlov equals more than an exceptional complex of 300 historical buildings. The town presents itself to visitors also as a hub of culture, conventions and tourism. The International Music Festival takes place annually in August, as does a festival of Renaissance music; theatrical productions are held in the castle garden, the Festival of the Five-Petalled Rose is a major summer attraction, and the Egon Schiele Center is open to visitors the year round.

This South-Bohemian village from the 13th century is considered a true pearl of the rustic Baroque style. Its 22 farmhouses with painted Baroque gables in the front and gardens in the rear are situated around a central pond. The pond was used for breeding freshwater fish; the entire area is still known for its fish industry. The village is a living monument to the rustic traditions, such as those we know from the Bartered Bride, perhaps the most famous Czech opera. (The village even served as a set for the its film version.)

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In the small town of Litomyšl, the aristocratic family of Pernštejn had a mediaeval castle remodeled into a Renaissance chateau the second half of the 16th century. The chateau is an exceptional example of an original Italian arcaded structure which was adapted for the Czech environment. It is a fine illustration of an aristocratic residence built during mediaeval Renaissance, with later developments under the influence of new styles. The town of Litomyšl is also the birthplace of the great Czech composer Bedřich Smetana; an annual music festival (Smetana’s Litomyšl) bears his name.

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A poet once described Prague as a “symphony in stone”, and thus perfectly expressed its character and unique beauty. This city of a hundred spires, built along the meanders of the Vltava and on the surrounding seven hills, has always enraptured poets, artists, and photographers. The architectural jewels in Prague’s historical center are more than just stone-and-mortar witnesses to the past. Prague always has been, and continues to be, a living city with an unusual number of theaters, concert halls, galleries, museums and exhibition spaces; its cultural offerings are rich and varied. Prague is as multifaceted a city as one could wish for; to each visitor it reveals a different, yet always charming, face.

The Baroque column came into existence between 1716 and 1754 and is a testament to the onetime religious fervor of this bishopric town. The column unites the motif of ecclesiastic triumphalism and faith with its architectural and artistic expression. Thanks to the entry of this Baroque column on the prestigious UNESCO list, the historic Moravian town of Olomouc has also received wide recognition. Olomouc used to be Moravia’s capital, a seat of bishops since 1063, and it is the second largest municipal monuments reservation after Prague. The most important religious structure in the city is the St. Wenceslas’ Cathedral from 1109, remodeled between 1883-1890 in the neo-Gothic style. In 1306, the last king of the Přemyslid dynasty, Wenceslas III, was murdered here. Other important structures are the Přemyslid Palace, Hradisko – the largest Premonstratensian monastery in all of Europe, and the fortified Church of St. Maurice with its renoiwned organ; the church dates to the 15th-16th century. A small chapel in the St. Wenceslas’ Square houses a Madonna dating from 1483, one of the most valuable Gothic sculptures in the Czech Republic.

Originally a royal water keep founded in the 13th century on the crossroads of several busy trade routes. It obtained its current appearance in the 16th century, when the chateau as well as the town center were rebuilt. This development was in part the work of the Jesuit order, which then had a significant presence in the town. Beside the chateau and its park, among the most important monuments is the square – a unique complex of Renaissance and Baroque houses. The houses’ arcades and gables were built according to a integrated plan. Music and visual arts play an important role in Telč’s contemporary life. Cultural events: International folklore festival; French-Czech music academy.

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Třebíč used to belong to the important centres of Jewish culture in Moravia. The uniquely preserved Jewish Town remains a witness of the coexistence of the Jews and the Christians. The unique Jewish quarter with dense housing, narrow isles, dark corners, vaulted passages and romantic little squares, includes more than 120 residential houses. Besides them there have been preserved the buildings of the former Jewish institutions – e.g. the Town Hall, the school, the rabbinate and the poorhouse. The original Jewish cemetery was relocated in the 17th century to the northern slope of the Hrádek Hill. Around 3000 tombstones, the eldest of which dates back to 1625, are situated in a beautiful park with tall trees and mysterious atmosphere. The cemetery includes the Ceremonial Hall from 1903 with uniquely preserved interiors. Funeral ceremonies have been taking place here still according to the old Jewish tradition. Today, the cemetery belongs to the best-preserved Jewish cemeteries in the Czech Republic. Besides Jerusalem the Třebíč Jewish sights are the only ones, which have been included in the UNESCO list as separate.

The Tugendhat Villa, built between 1929 – 1930, is a gem of Brno’s architectural modernism and world’s functionalism. It is the most prominent building designed by the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in Europe. Its importance was recognised in 2001 by its inclusion in the UNESCO’s World Heritage Cultural List. The family villa of the Tugendhats is mainly famous for its original space design, unique technological equipment and elegant interiors with precisely defined function for every single piece of its furniture.

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According to legend, a crown with five stars appeared above the body of the drowned martyr. The building in the so-called Baroque Gothic style is characteristic by its composition based on the five-pointed star shape: a star-shaped ground plan with five exits, five stars and five angels on the main altar. The main altar depicts the martyr being carried by angels to heaven. The side altars are devoted to the four Evangelists. All the figures find themselves amidst a vortex of flames, and their expressions are deeply stirred. The apex of the cupola contains a giant tongue, the symbol od St. John of Nepomuk, surrounded by a fiery circle.